Wednesday, August 15, 2012

Studying the biological and clinical importance of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection


Partner Institutes
         University of Birmingham                 Aga Khan University

You may be feeling on top of the world today but did you know that your body could be harbouring a viral infection without you even knowing it? Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a species of virus that is present in more than 70% of the adult world population. An unusual characteristic of the virus is that it never clears from the host following the infection. In a normal, healthy adult, it poses no danger. However, chronic CMV infection in older people leads to a decrease in the ability of the immune system to fight other, more dangerous infections. Moreover, CMV is one of the infections mostly easily passed on to fetuses and can prove fatal for newborns.

The Aga Khan University, Pakistan and the University of Birmingham, UK are studying the biological and clinical importance of CMV to determine its prevalence in several districts of Karachi. The research will study a cross-sectional rural/urban population from all socio-economic classes and collect blood samples to determine the presence of CMV. The aim is to design interventions that will boost the body’s immune system to fight the virus, which in turn will help combat other diseases such as Hepatitis C and cancer.


The partnership will develop a short course in virology for the mutual benefit of both universities. Faculty and student exchange is also a major component of this project. A PhD student from the Aga Khan University was placed at the University of Birmingham for research while leading cancer specialist Dr. Paul Moss from the University of Birmingham delivered seven lectures in Pakistan to an audience of health practitioners, researchers and students. The partners plan to hold workshops in both countries and disseminate the findings of their research to a wider audience.

Lessons learnt:

  • This project has helped us in finding answers to some of the health related problems particularly those which are also marred by social aspects found in the low income group particularly in the peri-urban population.
  • The project has also given us experience in how sharing of the knowledge and skills in the form of training graduate students can help us developing research skills in the area of health and higher education.

Challenges faced:

  • The security situation is Pakistan and particularly Karachi was a major challenge in delivering this project.
  • Identifying and recruiting study participants to do upper strata of the socioeconomic group as well as lower economic group, has been a challenge.

Impact:

  • The major benefit of this project would be the enhancement of the understanding about the correct status of cytomegalovirus (CMV) in the local population, mainly so because such a large number participants with demographical data has not been studied for the assessment of the status of this particular virus.
  • This study would lead to the initiation of further projects in this area and would also assist in finding the association between the CMV infection with hepatitis C virus infection which is a much greater and complex problem in the context of Pakistan.

Key contacts:
Prof. Paul Moss, University of Birmingham

Prof. Anwar Ali Siddiqui , Aga Khan University